台灣為海島，但地狹人稠、缺乏天然資源，對外貿易是其經濟命脈；海運與空運是台灣對外貿易管道，但航空貨運運量有限，因此台灣對外貿易主要仰賴海運，而海運業當中，大部分貨物是透過貨櫃來運輸，其中又以定期貨櫃運輸為主，對外貿易上有其重要性。貨櫃海運業受經濟景氣影響頗重，尤其每當市場供需平衡機制遭破壞時，策略變革有其急迫性與加強性，故策略之選定與調整為其貨櫃海運業重點。本研究利用決策實驗室分析法(DEMATEL)瞭解各準則的因果關係及關聯度大小，量化各問題要素間之相關程度與影響程度，以瞭解其因果關係結構，做為貨櫃海運業制定策略之方向。其實證結果重要程度最大的為航線考量，支配著其他準則，也得知專家認為航線考量為最重要的準則，更是最主要競爭策略；而淨影響中整合通路物流業者多角化經營為最大，代表專家認為兩者的影響程度是高過於其他準則，為最主要的影響策略。 Taiwan, a densely populated island with a lack of natural resources, foreign trade is the lifeblood of its economy. Shipping and air transportation are Taiwan’s foreign trade channels. Because the capacity of air cargo is limited, Taiwan’s foreign trade mostly heavily relies on shipping industry. Most of the goods transportation is the container shipping, which are mainly regular shipping. The container shipping industry is quite affected by its economy. It is important to have an urgent and strengthened policy reform when the market mechanism of supply and demand is unbalanced. Therefore, selection and adjustment of strategies is a main issue for the container shipping industry. In this study, the decision-making trial and laboratory evaluation (DEMATEL) is applied to understand the causal relationship between the criteria by quantizing their influences. Then the result can be a direction for the container shipping industry to build up their developing strategies. The result shows that route consideration dominates other criteria, which means it is the most important competitive strategy. For net effect, diverse accesses and integration of the logistics industry have the largest effects. These indicate that experts believe the degree of influences of these two criteria is higher than the others. Thus, they are the most affecting competitive strategies.
