佐藤一斎(1772-1859)與新渡戸稲造(1862-1933),二者皆武士精神之著述者及教育家,亦各自皆對江戶末期之武士,以及明治時期之知識份子,影響深遠;二者之關係,於近代武士精神史之發展脈絡上,極具意義。然而,目前之研究,均不見有對此之專論。本論文即針對此二者間之承、啟,重新釐清,其調查析論結果得知,新渡戸所承接自一斎之精神,乃以「立志克己」為主題;而其所涉及之「天」概念,則為新渡戸對一斎之承、啟所在,新渡戸之《修養》一書之「天」概念,除部分承襲自一斎之《言志四録》外,尚摻入基督教、《聖經》中之「神 Sato Issai(1772-1859)and Nitobe Inazo(1862-1933,)who both elaborated much about Bushi’s spirit, are famous as educationists. They have been greatly influencing respectively on the Bushi of the Edo and the intellects of the Meiji. It is critically meaningf